Permission
Ask each referee before sharing their contact information and brief them on the role when appropriate.
Decide whether references belong on your resume, what referee details to provide, when to use a separate reference sheet, and how to protect professional contacts' privacy.

Quick answer
For many job applications, references do not need space on the resume unless the employer asks for them. Prepare a separate reference list with each person's permission, current title, organization, relationship to you, and preferred contact details. Follow local or industry conventions when references are routinely expected earlier.
What matters most
Ask each referee before sharing their contact information and brief them on the role when appropriate.
Choose people who can credibly speak about work, study, research, leadership, or another area relevant to the role.
Keep contact details off publicly indexed resumes unless sharing them is necessary and consented.
Inside PortCV
PortCV can keep references as an optional structured section. Leave it hidden on most public or early-stage versions, then include it when an employer or local hiring process explicitly requires referees on the document.
Open the resume engineGuide 01
When requested, include referee name, professional title, organization, relationship or context, and contact method they approved. A separate reference sheet can mirror the resume's visual identity without taking space from qualifications.
Use current information and confirm the person still holds the title or contact address you plan to share.
Guide 02
Choose referees who know your work directly and can discuss relevant qualities with specifics. Tell them which role you are pursuing and provide the resume version you submitted if they agree.
Before you list references on a resume or separate reference sheet, ask each person for permission and confirm their preferred contact details. In many hiring markets, the resume itself does not need references unless the employer requests them.
Keep the formatting simple and consistent with the main application set.
Guide 03
Do not publish personal phone numbers or emails without permission. Avoid using family members unless the context specifically makes that appropriate, and do not list someone whose support you have not confirmed.
The phrase 'references available upon request' is usually unnecessary because employers know they can ask.
Questions people ask
Usually not unless the employer or local convention requests them. A separate reference sheet preserves resume space.
Follow the employer's request. Preparing two to four suitable contacts is common, but the right number depends on the process.
It is generally unnecessary and uses space that could present stronger evidence.
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